Should I just ignore it?
Chances are that this person realized that their criticism was broad and inaccurate after sending the email (and perhaps checking your work again), and retracted the email when they found out. (Anyways, pondering on the real reason is just speculation and will not bring any benefits to OP.)
I suggest you don't reply back and let it be, but still keep in mind what happened in case you notice any further suspicious or inaccurate activity from this person.
To make things crystal clear, you could also approach this person privately (perhaps go to their desk, or IM them directly) and tell them you noticed the email and its retraction, and would like to know the reason and if there is still something you can do to address the things stated in the email.
Keep in mind that, if you do this you have to be careful and polite, and only do it if you sense this person will not take it the wrong way.
As mentioned in comments, it is probable that the sender didn't intend to send the email to you in first place, so tread lightly here. Perhaps the "safest" course of action, as suggested before, would be not to reply back and be prepared for what you think could come based on the contents and intention of the email.
Edit: It was suggested to extend the answer and include more detail on how to handle the negative things said and the possible repercussions they may have on OP, so here it goes.
Before attempting to solve this issue, it would greatly help to know what is the real issue and what actually happened here with the sender.
That can be addressed by speaking to the sender carefully as stated before, and will shed some light on the reasons behind this... In case the sender actually retracted on their words, and realized their criticism was inaccurate, things will resolve faster and smoothly. In that case, the professional thing for the Sender would be to write another email excusing their inaccurate comments towards OP to set things straight...
...Yet, it could be that the sender actually meant those words and mistakenly included OP as a recipient, and does not retract what they said. In that case, things will be more complicated, as OP's professional reputation is being questioned/badmouthed.
In this case, I suggest that OP reads the email again and gathers evidence and arguments to back up their claims and counter those done in the email. After gathering that, OP should bring this to their Manger's attention and have a meeting to discuss these points (as also suggested in JeffC's Answer).
This way things will be cleared up, and the Manager can take any further actions they seem necessary here. Also, whatever case it were, it would still be a good idea to bring this up with Manager so they can be aware that this incident happened and act accordingly.