I recently graduated from my computer science masters and trying to understand the industry. I'm still looking for jobs. I came across two positions (project leader and CIO) for software engineers that are considered management positions if I understood correctly. I'm in Germany and concerned mostly in the German industry, but if my questions also apply to other industries then feel free to answer. My questions: 1. What are the tasks of a project leader and a CIO? 1. What should someone has in his CV to be eligible to become a project leader or a CIO? What technical/soft skills and experience should I have? 1. Can someone reach such positions, especially a CIO, by staying in the same company? Or are those positions normally reserved for the founders or so? 1. Why some people avoid management positions like those two?