First thing first : is he really mentoring you?
Where there is "If I accidentally mis-click, he immediately corrects me." + "You probably remember wrong, or you asked weirdly, so I did not know what you meant.", I wouldn't say this is mentoring.
Mentoring is really great in a company, ideally at each new step in your career you should find a mentor that will teach you things that you can only get be experience. ( my own definition, you can change it).
There can be technical mentorship : talking for hours with passion about the best way to write a code.
There can be company mentorship : talking about the other coworkers, the work-relationships, how to evolve, who to befriend, who to avoid, how to ask something to somebody etc.
When your boss, corrects you about a mis-click or disagree about remembering a line of code it is not mentoring. It is just a boss that likes to control everything.
Why he is doing this? Because in his eyes you are a junior and still need supervision.
So to your question : How to deal with an overly correcting mentor?
You accept everything he says for 6 months or so. He is just trying to help you on his own way. If you stand out to him : either he will stop to help you or will help you but will show you he is annoyed by it ( and that is not good).
If after 6 months he is still micromanaging you. It is because you are not doing a good job or because he is a kind of boss that likes to control everything. In this case you can tell him:
Thank you for all your help, now I feel more confident about my work capabilities because of your support and I will try to be more independent in my daily tasks and only come to you for harder/difficult point. Thanks again for your help during my first month in the company and sharing your experience.
Thank you for all your help, now I feel more confident about my work capabilities because of your support and I will try to be more independent in my daily tasks and only come to you for harder/difficult point. Thanks again for your help during my first month in the company and sharing your experience.