You didn't specify the nature of the work you're doing. Most of the posts on this site are about software development positions, so I'll base my answer on that.
I agree that there seems to be 2 likely outcomes:
- Confront someone about these issues and risk job loss.
- Keep your mouth shut and keep your job.
If you choose the latter, is it possible to throw on some headphones and listen to music or podcasts? That way you could keep your job and not be uncomfortable at work.
I've had very similar situations at my current company (although they aren't as extreme as yours). I've had great success with the headphones idea! Try the larger headphones that will block out noise even when there's not currently sound coming through them. I use this style:
If your line of work isn't development or the headphones idea won't work, please try to find another way to block out what's making you uncomfortable. Only in the case you can't find a solution, I'd recommend taking option #1 and talking to someone about. And if you lose your job, so be it. You'll find something better that makes you much happier.