Those questions as phrased might end with an escort out the door.
You don't ask for negatives, EVER, and those questions, if answered would likely get the person fired.
You ask about challenges, not negatives such as....
- What are some challenges you face as a developer
- How long have the developers worked here, on average
- How long has the most senior member of the team been working here
- What do you like most about working here
Then watch what they DON'T say. Nobody is going to bad-mouth their employer on the job, but if they're slow to think of positives, then it's damning by faint praise.
For the 2nd and 3rd questions, if there is a high turnover rate, that's a red flag. You will get far more information by just asking open ended questions than by looking for the negatives.